2010 Chile earthquake, Chile. The building codes have also been updated to build structures that can withstand such natural disasters. "7-2(2)The 1995 Southern Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake", CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Japan remembers more than 6,400 victims of Kobe earthquake after 22 years", "A fault model of the 1995 Kobe earthquake derived from the GPS data on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge and other datasets", Hunt for tsunami orphans hampered, unprecedented, "The Great Hanshin Earthquake: Lessons for Niigata", "Restoration from the earthquake disaster – City planning based on the lessons learned from the disaster", "Earthquake Readiness: From Underground Stores to Satellite Monitoring", Great Hanshin Earthquake and the destruction of the infrastructure, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, The Medical and Public Health Response to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Japan: A Case Study in Disaster Planning, Are People Insured Against Natural Disasters? Earthquake Kobe Japan 1995 . Change style powered by CSL. Retailers such as Daiei and 7-Eleven used their existing supply networks to provide necessities in affected areas, while NTT and Motorola provided free telephone service for victims. The Great Hanshin earthquake (阪神・淡路大震災, Hanshin Awaji daishinsai), or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995 at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. … Our site includes quite a bit of content, so if you're having an issue finding what you're looking for, go on ahead and use that search feature there! Most railways in the region were damaged. About 22% of the offices in Kobe's central business district were rendered unusable, and over half of the houses in that area were deemed unfit for occupancy. 2010 Chile earthquake, Chile. Earthquakes of these types are especially frequent in the coastal regions of northeastern Japan. It measured 6.8 on the Moment magnitude scale (USGS), and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on JMA magnitude scale. The Kobe earthquake, also referred to as the Great Hanshin earthquake, was a 7.3-magnitude earthquake that rocked the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan on the dawn of January 17, 1995. The earthquake resulted in more than 6,000 deaths and over 30,000 injuries. Discover the activities, projects, and degrees that will fuel your love of science. At about five-thirty in the morning on January 17, 1995, I woke up in the dark for some reason and got out of bed. The steel-reinforcement specifications in the 1960s regulations had already been discovered to be inadequate and revised several times, the latest revision being in 1981, which proved effective but only applied to new structures. After the earthquake, seismic intensity observation in Japan was fully mechanized (from April 1996) and JMA seismic intensity Levels 5 and 6 were each divided into 2 levels (from October 1996). That made it worse than the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake near Kobe, which cost about $100 billion and resulted in over 6,000 lives lost. The Great Hanshin earthquake, otherwise known as the Kobe earthquake, struck at 05.46 JST on 17 January 1995. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. The great Hanshin earthquake on 17 January 1995 hit the elderly population of an urban society particularly hard. Worst hit was the port of Kobe, a city of 1.5 million. Shock, uncertainty and disbelief had filled the atmosphere and thoughts of millions that resided in the city. The Great Hanshin earthquake began north of the island of Awaji, which lies just south of Kobe. [6], Most of the largest earthquakes in Japan are caused by subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate or Pacific Plate, with mechanisms that involve either energy released within the subducting plate or the accumulation and sudden release of stress in the overlying plate. A comprehensive earthquake list. The Great Hanshin earthquake belonged to a third type, called an "inland shallow earthquake". The Great Hanshin Earthquake or Kobe Earthquake occurred on January 17, 1995, at 5.46am in the morning. Three bridges on the less heavily used Route 2 were damaged, but the highway was reopened well ahead of Route 3 and served as one of the main intercity road links for a time. It lasted for 20 seconds. [12], Tremors were valued at seismic intensity of Levels 4 to 6 at observation points in Kansai, Chūgoku, Shikoku and Chūbu regions:[12]. 2011 Christchurch earthquake, NZ. Interesting facts about earthquakes including the largest earthquake ever recorded and famous earthquakes in history. THE GREAT HANSHIN-AWAJI EARTHQUAKE (05) Contmina. The Great Hanshin earthquake occurred at 5:46 a.m. on Tuesday, January 17, 1995. Newer homes have reinforced walls and lighter roofs to avoid this, but are more susceptible to typhoons. [8] Earthquakes of this type occur along active faults. Great Hanshin earthquake This article needs additional citations for verification.Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.Unsourced material may be challengedchallenged Because Kobe had long been regarded as an area of Japan least susceptible to earthquakes, the residents were taken completely by surprise. −The Hanshin Expressway Route 3 (Kobe Route) and Route 5 (Wangan Route) collapsed onto the road below −Traffic was interrupted due to sinking ground, cracks, and collapsed buildings −Railways were damaged in many places −Access to Port Island and Rokko Island was interrupted You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The newly-completed artificial island supporting Kansai International Airport was not significantly affected, due to being further from the epicenter, and because it was built to the latest standards. While the intensity of earthquakes is measured by the Richter scale in all over the world, Japan uses its own shindo scale. One of the most earthquake-prone countries of the world, Japan experiences thousands of low-intensity earthquakes every year. The Kobe Earthquake … Read on to find the answers. The Great Hanshin Earthquake - Geography bibliographies - in Harvard style . I was standing in the hallway when I felt the jolt of an earthquake. 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake, Japan. In Japan, the disaster by this earthquake is officially called The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster (阪神・淡路大震災, Hanshin-Awaji Daishinsai), which is often shortened to The Great Hanshin Earthquake Disaster (阪神大震災, Hanshin Daishinsai). A listing of the Kobe Earthquake facts show the severity of the catastrophe. The 17th January 2015 marks the 20th Anniversary of the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Kobe, Japan. The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. The Hanshin Expressway, for instance, was built to withstand a quake measuring 8.1 on the Richter scale. The quake ravaged many of the facilities of what was then the world's sixth-largest container port and the source of nearly 40% of Kobe's industrial output. Nearly two decades down the lane, it’s still difficult to say whether Japan has been able to recover from this blow. The Great Hanshin Earthquake which struck at 05:46 in the morning of January 17th visited unprecedented damage to the Hanshin area. Preserved rubble from the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995 at Earthquake Memorial Park in Kobe, Japan. The earthquake resulted in more than 6,000 deaths and over 30,000 injuries. THE GREAT HANSHIN-AWAJI EARTHQUAKE (03) The majority of deaths (over 4,000) occurred in cities and suburbs in Hyōgo Prefecture. To help speed the recovery effort, the government closed most of the Hanshin Expressway network to private vehicles from 6:00 am to 8:00 pm daily and limited traffic to buses, taxis and other designated vehicles. The quake triggered approximately 300 fires,[3] which raged over large portions of the city. Some Interesting Facts about the Kobe Earthquake of 1995. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. Some people had to be operated on in waiting rooms and corridors. The Ground Self-Defense Forces were given automatic authority to respond to earthquakes over a certain magnitude, which allowed them to deploy to the Niigata region within minutes. The quake's magnitude is estimated at 7.9 to 8.2 on the Richter scale, and its epicenter was in the shallow waters of Sagami Bay, about 25 miles south of Tokyo. 25 years ago: Great Hanshin Earthquake strikes JapanOn January 17, 1995, the Great Hanshin Earthquake struck the Hyogo prefecture in southern Japan. People were forced to wait in corridors due to the overcrowding and lack of space. [citation needed], Despite this devastation in a big production center, the local economy recovered very quickly. Amongst the commemorative events held on the anniversary of the earthquake, large "1.17" digits are illuminated in Higashi Yuenchi Park in the early hours of January 17 each year. The focus of the earthquake was located 17 km beneath its epicenter, on the northern end of Awaji Island, 20 km away from the center of the city of Kobe. A comprehensive earthquake list. Dec. 30, 2020. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. About the Great Hanshin Earthquake. Earthquakes are one of the most dreaded natural disasters. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The earthquake hit regions that were responsible for 6%–7% of the country's total production. The Great Kanto Earthquake, also sometimes called the Great Tokyo Earthquake, rocked Japan on Sept. 1, 1923. [16] Many surface highways were clogged for some time due to the collapse of higher-capacity elevated highways. Great Hanshin earthquake. Interesting facts about earthquakes including the largest earthquake ever recorded and famous earthquakes in history. The entire route was not reopened until September 30, 1996. There were four foreshocks, beginning with the largest (Mj 3.7) at 18:28 on the previous day. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. This financial damage was the immediate cause for the collapse of Barings Bank due to the actions of Nick Leeson, who had speculated vast amounts of money on Japanese and Singaporean derivatives. Discussions of Japan's "Lost Decade" tend towards purely economic analysis, and neglect the impact of the earthquake on the Japanese economy which at the time was already suffering from recession. The Kobe, or Great Hanshin, earthquake struck in the pre-dawn hours of January 17, 1995, with a magnitude of 7.3 near the city of Kobe, about 350 … Why do earthquakes occur? How are they detected? Damage from the Great Kobe - also named Hanshin - Earthquake is kept intact … [18], The earthquake proved to be a major wake-up call for Japanese disaster prevention authorities. The Kobe Luminarie is an event held for approximately two weeks every December. … These cookies do not store any personal information. Cite This For Me. Kobe Earthquake Facts kobe earthquake The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake, was an earthquake that occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995, at 05:46 JST in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. That, however, was not the only reason why the Kobe earthquake was destructive, and that becomes pretty obvious as you go through some facts about it. kobe earthquake The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake, was an earthquake that occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995, at 05:46 JST in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. 2011 Christchurch earthquake, NZ. 10:04. Most of the largest earthquakes in Japan are caused by subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate or Pacific Plate, with mechanisms that involve either energy released within the subducting plate or the accumulation and sudden release of stress in the overlying plate. 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake, Japan. It was the first time that an earthquake in Japan was officially measured at a seismic intensity (shindo in Japanese) of the highest Level 7 on the scale of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). The earthquake, also known as the Kobe earthquake, had a magnitude of 6.9 and caused close to $200 billion in damages. facts Used in discussing the significance of… I switched on the television and very soon NHK began to report on the devastating earthquake that had struck Kobe, Awaji, and the surrounding area at 5:46 am. ... 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, Japan. Even at lower magnitudes, they can be very destructive because they often occur near populated areas and because their hypocenters are located less than 20 km below the surface. The Akashi Kaikyō Bridge, under construction near the earthquake's epicenter, was undamaged but was reportedly lengthened by a full meter due to horizontal displacement along the activated tectonic fault. Great Hanshin Earthquake. [14] Disruptions of water, electricity and gas supplies were common. There is “Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Memorial Museum” in this place. 9:27. Control over fire response was likewise handed over from local fire departments to a central command base in Tokyo and Kyoto. Earthquakes of this type occur along active faults. Wooden supports collapsed inside supposedly solid concrete pilings under the tracks of the Shinkansen high-speed rail line, causing the entire line to shut down. A street leading from the Daimaru store in Motomachi to Higashi Yuenchi Park (next to Kobe city hall) is decorated with arches of multicoloured lights that were donated by the Italian government. When we talk about autumn, we tend to think about the changing colors of the leaves, from green to red to orange then yellow. [20] Hyōgo's prefectural government invested millions of yen in the following years to build earthquake-proof shelters and supplies in public parks.[21]. Such was its intensity that even the sensors on the other side of the world picked it. On 17 January 1995, a big earthquake, registering magnitude 7.2 on the Richter scale hit the western part of Japan, claiming 6,048 lives, injuring at least 34 900 people, and destroying properties and infrastructures, causing an estimated damage of between 95 to 140 billion U.S. dollars. Today, January 17th, is 26 years after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, January 17, 1995. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. The Kobe earthquake, also referred to as the Great Hanshin earthquake, was a 7.3-magnitude earthquake that rocked the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan on the dawn of January 17, 1995. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. The expressway of Hanshin, opened in 1962, was build according to the earthquake-resistant directives of the time; however it collapsed in 1995 for a length of 5 kilometres. I also experienced this big earthquake at my home in Osaka. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Popular AMA APA (6th edition) APA (7th edition) Chicago (17th edition, author-date) Harvard IEEE ISO 690 MHRA (3rd edition) MLA (8th edition) OSCOLA Turabian (9th edition) Vancouver. Kajima established disaster headquarters in the head office, the Osaka branch (currently the Kansai branch) and the Kobe district office immediately after the earthquake struck, and after confirming the safety of all employees and the extent of damage … The Great Hanshin earthquake belonged to a third type, called an "inland shallow earthquake". The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake, was an earthquake that occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995, at 05:46 JST in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Great Hanshin earthquake. Southern Hyōgo Prefecture was severely devastated by the 6.9 Mw Great Hanshin earthquake of 1995, which destroyed major parts of Kobe and Awaji, as well as Takarazuka and neighboring Osaka Prefecture, killing nearly 6,500 people. This study was conducted nine years after the Great Hanshin‐Awaji Earthquake. Copyright © Science Struck & Buzzle.com, Inc. Tada, T., Crustal deformation associated with the 1995 Kobe earthquake and a geodetic source fault model, Proc. The national government changed its disaster response policies in the wake of the earthquake, and its response to the 2004 Chūetsu earthquake was significantly faster and more effective. Fig.2. The Mj 7.3 earthquake struck at 05:46 JST on the morning of January 17, 1995. Blog. Fifty years have passed since household earthquake insurance came on the market and 1994 and 2011, i.e., the years of the Great Hanshin Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake, have been the only years when the annual loss ratio exceeded 25%. Even at lower magnitudes, they can be very destructive because they often occur near populated areas and because their hypocenters are located less than 20 km below the surface. The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, registering a seismic magnitude of 7.3, struck the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture at 5:46 on January 17, 1995. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Post-Earthquake Fires and Performance of Firefighting Activity in the Early Stage in the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake AI SEKIZAWA National Research Institute of Fire and Disaster Ministry of Home Affairs 3-14-1, Nakahara, Mitaka, Tokyo 181, Japan ABSTRACT Anumber of simultaneous post-earthquake fires occurred in the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake. Measuring 6.8 on the moment … Would you like to write for us? The Great Hanshin earthquake (阪神・淡路大震災, Hanshin Awaji daishinsai), or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995 at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. The Meishin Expressway was only lightly damaged, but was closed during the day until February 17, 1995 so that emergency vehicles could easily access the hardest-hit areas to the west. [24], 1995 earthquake centered near Kobe, Awaji Prefecture, Japan. Prezi’s Big Ideas 2021: Expert advice for the new year In the scientific literature it is often called the 1995 Southern Hyōgo Prefecture Earthquake (平成7年(1995年)兵庫県南部地震, Heisei 7 nen (1995 nen) Hyōgo-ken Nanbu Jishin), the name chosen by the Japan Meteorological Agency in the week after the main shock. Damage from the Great Kobe - also named Hanshin - Earthquake is kept intact at the Earthquake Memorial Park near the port of Kobe. I remember the day I was told, “Kobe is on fire.” January 17th marks the 25th year anniversary from Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake, which killed more than 6,400 people in 1995. Although both were devastated, the city of Yokohama was hit even worse than Tokyo. This is the center where Kobe, which suffered a tremendous earthquake damage, is disseminating disaster prevention to people around the world for the future. One in five of the buildings in the worst-hit areas were completely destroyed or rendered uninhabitable. Daikai Station on the Kobe Rapid Railway line collapsed, bringing down part of National Route 28 above it. We don’t actually see it as a season to adore flowers. Structures irreparably damaged by the quake included nearly 400,000 buildings,[3][13] numerous elevated road and rail bridges, and 120 of the 150 quays in the port of Kobe. Trains continued to operate with speed restrictions until July 21, 1995. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. During this time the south side of the Nojima Fault moved 1.5 meters to the right and 1.2 meters downwards. [10] Like other earthquakes recorded in western Japan between 1891 and 1948, the 1995 earthquake had a strike-slip mechanism that accommodated east–west shortening of the Eurasian Plate due to its collision with the Philippine Sea Plate in central Honshu.[11]. The Great Hanshin earthquake has taught us valuable lessons in health-care management during times of crisis. The year 1995 is often regarded as a turning point in the emergence of volunteerism as a major form of civic engagement. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum intensity of 7 on the JMA Seismic Intensity Scale (X on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale). It measured 6.8 on the Moment magnitude scale (USGS), and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on JMA magnitude scale. It came in at a powerful 6.9 and caused widespread destruction, especially in the closest city of Kobe, and claimed more than 6,400 lives. Despite these efforts, the deadly 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake struck completely by surprise, Geller says. During the nine years, no research was conducted focusing on cancer patients in disaster situations, despite the fact that cancer is Japan's leading killer, as >30% of all deaths are due … Facts About the Kobe Earthquake (Great Hanshin Earthquake) One of the most earthquake-prone countries of the world, Japan experiences thousands of low-intensity earthquakes every year. Well, we're looking for good writers who want to spread the word. 100,000 homes were completely destroyed and 185,000 were severely damaged. Basically, the Kobe earthquake was a ‘shallow inland earthquake,’ i.e., an earthquake which occurs along the active faults. On January 17, 1995, though, it experienced one of the most destructive earthquakes ever―the Kobe earthquake. "Free images of the week" are also available. Why stop for a moment and think about disaster prevention? Severe earthquakes result in the massive destruction of life and property and change the face of Earth in the literal sense…, Potassium, usually found dissolved in seawater or plant cells, is extremely important for the normal functioning of the human body. The Great Hanshin Earthquake was short and catastrophic. [4] The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. On January 17th of this earthquake, a concrete pillar on the Hanshin Expressway broke and rolled over. Water breaking through the surface and flooding those islands was initially believed to have seeped in from the sea, but in fact rose from the liquefied remains of once-solid soils used to construct the islands. It measured 6.8 on the Moment magnitude scale (USGS), and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on JMA magnitude scale. 2 (March 1995) The Great Hanshin Earthquake by Glen S. Fukushima. In December 1995, the government declared January 17 a national "Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Day", and the week from January 15 to 21 a national "Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Week", to be commemorated with lectures, seminars, and other events designed to encourage voluntary disaster preparedness and relief efforts. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum intensity of 7 on the JMA Seismic Intensity Scale (X on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale). JPRI Occasional Paper No. 5 Steps to Fully Enjoy the Autumn Season in Japan’s Awaji Island Dec 15, 2017. Residents feared returning home because of aftershocks that lasted several days (74 of which were strong enough to be felt). We don’t actually see it as a season to adore flowers. Logan Devries. The earthquake had a local magnitude of 7.2. [5] Among major cities, Kobe, with its population of 1.5 million, was the closest to the epicenter and hit by the strongest tremors. But, at the dawn of 17th January, 1995, it experienced one of the most destructive earthquakes in the world - … The focusof the earthquake was loc… The damage to highways and subways was the most graphic image of the earthquake, and images of the collapsed elevated Kobe Route of the Hanshin Expressway appeared on front pages of newspapers worldwide. The aftermath of the Osaka-Kobe railway tracks were operational months following the earthquake worst hit was the port of 's! Earthquake forecasting S. Fukushima to build structures that can withstand such natural disasters,! Images at affordable price 1360 ) Memorial Park in Kobe, Awaji Prefecture, Japan uses its own scale... Museum is the facility where you can opt-out if you wish ( USGS ), Mj7.3... - Geography bibliographies - in Harvard style yakuza syndicate was involved in relief efforts during first. Including the largest earthquake ever recorded and famous earthquakes in history as the Kobe earthquake facts show the severity the. 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