izmit earthquake 1999 military base

[1], An official Turkish estimate of 19 October 1999 placed the toll at 17,127 killed and 43,959 injured, but many sources suggest the actual figure may have been closer to 45,000 dead and a similar number injured. WHAT CAUSED THE EARTHQUAKE? After the Marmara (Izmit) Earthquake (magnitude 7.4) on 17 August 1999, chemical oceanographical characteristics of Izmit Bay were investigated in order to examine the possible effects of the refinery fire and uncontrolled entrance of domestic wastes to the surface waters. Avcılar was built on relatively weak ground mainly composed of poorly consolidated Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, which makes this district vulnerable to any earthquake. This page was last edited on 30 December 2015, at 21:54. 0000003849 00000 n 1999-12-21 14:14:57 UTC 56.0 km. Offsets along the rupture were as large as 5.7 meters (18.7 ft). The epicenter was 11 kilometers south east of the city Izmit of Turkey. 0000102729 00000 n The following table shows the breakdown of rescue teams by country in the affected locations: Search and Rescue Effort as of 19 August 1999. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. A Turkish naval base on the Marmara Sea was badly damaged. This horrific disaster happened to on 19th of October, 1999. The main facts about this aearthquack are: 0000001125 00000 n A geographically separated unit of the 39th Wing at Incirlik Air Base, the 425th ABS is home to about 100 Air Force people whose mission is to support the U.S. forces assigned to NATO's Joint Command Southeast. The earthquake also caused considerable damage in Istanbul, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) away from the earthquake's epicenter. Latest reports from the state-run Anatolian news agency said 325 people died in the Marmara region, and the toll was expected to rise. The event lasted for 37 seconds, killing 15,135 people and leaving approximately half a million people homeless. 0000001218 00000 n [citation needed], "On the death toll of the 1999 Izmit (Turkey) major earthquake", "Coseismic and Postseismic Fault Slip for the 17 August 1999, M = 7.5, Izmit, Turkey Earthquake", "How Fast is Rupture During an Earthquake ? �%?�T{ �p�h��b(�=�t�ue[�� On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people[5] and left more than 250,000 people homeless. 0000002268 00000 n In total, rescue teams from twelve countries assisted in the rescue effort. The earthquake measuring six-point-seven on the Richter scale struck the industrialised town of Izmit in western Turkey at just after 0300 on Tuesday local time. [10], There was extensive damage to several bridges and other structures on the Trans-European Motorway (European route E80), including 20 viaducts, 5 tunnels, and some overpasses. Officer 3rd Class Rebecca Vanderburg (left), U.S. Navy, talks with earthquake survivors in Izmit, Turkey, on Aug. 25, 1999. 0000003551 00000 n �|��B��nY�t�HT^כ�]��I>o�w�>8�}��K��U��[�ePqro�w endstream endobj 119 0 obj 341 endobj 85 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 79 0 R /Resources 86 0 R /Contents [ 95 0 R 97 0 R 99 0 R 101 0 R 103 0 R 105 0 R 107 0 R 115 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 86 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC ] /Font << /TT4 90 0 R /TT6 88 0 R >> /XObject << /Im3 116 0 R /Im4 117 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 112 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 87 0 R /Cs8 93 0 R /Cs9 91 0 R >> >> endobj 87 0 obj [ /ICCBased 111 0 R ] endobj 88 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 236 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 248 248 0 0 207 0 182 0 0 271 0 0 393 0 0 377 0 398 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 371 0 0 0 350 0 0 0 213 0 0 0 482 0 0 0 0 0 0 293 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 357 0 0 0 350 248 365 357 213 0 365 0 578 0 379 0 361 242 244 252 365 0 0 0 342 352 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DLDGFJ+ArchitecturePSMT /FontDescriptor 89 0 R >> endobj 89 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 998 /CapHeight 765 /Descent -500 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -74 -250 855 998 ] /FontName /DLDGFJ+ArchitecturePSMT /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 74 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 110 0 R >> endobj 90 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 151 /Widths [ 288 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 273 273 417 0 288 347 288 403 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 310 310 0 0 0 0 1000 597 553 715 697 513 501 817 697 243 373 574 413 836 745 875 500 875 528 498 497 692 551 898 484 546 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 541 541 456 541 497 259 541 521 230 0 458 230 789 521 558 541 541 315 382 248 527 427 648 394 403 381 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 590 0 1000 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DLBJOG+FuturaBT-Light /FontDescriptor 92 0 R >> endobj 91 0 obj [ /Separation /PANTONE#20294#20CV 87 0 R 113 0 R ] endobj 92 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 962 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -235 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -167 -236 1065 963 ] /FontName /DLBJOG+FuturaBT-Light /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 64 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 109 0 R >> endobj 93 0 obj [ /Separation /All 87 0 R 114 0 R ] endobj 94 0 obj 3830 endobj 95 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 94 0 R >> stream The event lasted for 37 seconds, severely damaging the city of İzmit The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Friday, August 17, 1999 WHERE DID THE DISASTER OCCUR? The earthquake was located in Turkey at the local time of 3.01 am. Breakage in water pipelines, results of the quake, nullified attempts at extinguishing the fire. The earthquake occurred along the western portion of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The Izmit segment of the North Anatolian fault was identified prior to the 1999 earthquake as having a high likelihood of producing a damaging earthquake. An EQE Briefing—1999 Izmit, Turkey Earthquake (M7.4) The collapsed Officer’s Club at the Gölcük Naval Base. New Insights from the 1999 Turkey Earthquakes", "Site amplification at Avcılar, Istanbul", "Seismic Assessment of the Mustafa Inan Viaduct", "Komenda Miejska Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Nowym Sączu", "The natech events during the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake: aftermath and lessons learned", Initial Geotechnical Observations of the August 17, 1999, Izmit Earthquake, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1999_İzmit_earthquake&oldid=997009883, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 29 December 2020, at 16:23. Until now, none of America, Israel, or Turkey could find anyone of those whom Allah punished. Vanderburg is a Navy hospital corpsman attached to a surgical response team deployed from U.S. 0000044887 00000 n ��BP��zDx�Q��3�+P}�Ԗݡr�F PPIRlk�@ The 1999 İzmit earthquake (also known as the Kocaeli or Gölcük earthquake) occurred on 17 August at 3:01 a.m. local time in northwestern Turkey.The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent).The event lasted for 37 seconds, killing around 17,000 people and left approximately half a million people homeless. [6] Major earthquakes in Turkey result mainly from slip along the NAFZ or the East Anatolian Fault. Then the earthquake was extended into other areas. The 1999 Düzce earthquake occurred on 12 November at 18:57:22 local time with a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX, causing damage and at least 845 fatalities in Düzce, Turkey. The earthquake, which occurred on the northernmost strand of the İzmit earthquake of 1999, devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. The upper floors of Mexico City's Hotel Intercontinental collapsed onto lower floors during a magnitude 8.1 earthquake on Sep. 19, 1985. The 1999 İzmit earthquake was an approximately 7.4 magnitude earthquake that struck northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; all unstructured text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. Damage due to faulting and lateral spreading at the main pier and seawall of the Gölcük Naval Base. trailer << /Size 120 /Info 80 0 R /Encrypt 84 0 R /Root 83 0 R /Prev 505769 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 83 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 79 0 R /Metadata 81 0 R /PageLabels 77 0 R >> endobj 84 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /R 2 /O (Wp�y��A��Єq��n%[��a�]) /U (m"�� {rK.|�ɏ�9��.� �~��w�k�) /P -44 /V 1 /Length 40 >> endobj 118 0 obj << /S 246 /L 379 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 119 0 R >> stream Date: Aug. 17, 1999 The devastating earthquake that struck northwestern Turkey in 1999 reached 7.6 on the Richter Scale. It happened at around 3:02am local time. 0000021924 00000 n a���r5�� {YL�� 2��Q� �66��ѿB��؁,��w=��ҁ��i�g�Z4�C�laA�(��ng�F�4g�9�}��7��s�w��?��ܘ�➧�'��/�טkr�G��od�ٳ�J��6i{u�g��Q�F=��)�ӓ��0�d>�$>W��D�Uޔ ��66��Sy5�a��c5��$0�c��L�uQ ��H�,� 0000011406 00000 n [citation needed], US President Bill Clinton[17] and Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif later visited Istanbul and İzmit to examine the level of destruction and meet with the survivors. View 0 peer reviews of Coseismic and postseismic fault slip for the 17 August 1999, M=7.5, Izmit, Turkey earthquake on Publons COVID-19 : add an open review or score for a COVID-19 paper now to ensure the latest research gets the extra scrutiny it needs. Click here to view the movie in .mpg format. 0000028878 00000 n 0000007833 00000 n The slip models are inverted from GPS data collected during this time period. In Golcuk, the site of a naval base on the southern coast of the Izmit Gulf, more than 248 sailors and naval officers were trapped under collapsed buildings. ... Izmit, Turkey Earthquake, 1999. The earthquake. 0000001369 00000 n The Anatolian Plate, which consists primarily of Turkey, is being pushed west about 2–2.5 cm (0.8–1.0 in) a year, as it is squeezed between the Eurasian Plate to the north and the Arabian Plate to the south. On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people and left more than 250,000 people homeless. 4 earthquake is one of the world’s largest and best studied earth’s horizontal movement (strike slip faults). 0000003903 00000 n The 1999 Izmit earthquake had a magnitude of 7.6 and devastated part of northwest Turkey, not far from Istanbul. [8], Destruction in Istanbul was concentrated in the Avcılar district to the west of the city. 0000042129 00000 n The 1999 Izmit Earthquake Disaster Report, TurkeyIntroductionIn the year 1999, turkey was hit by a serious earthquake known as the Kocaeli. 0000044808 00000 n 0000014787 00000 n A massive international response was mounted to assist in digging for survivors and assisting the wounded and homeless. The 1999 rupture was centered on seismic gap between the 1967 Mudurnu Valley earthquake (M s =7.1) and the 1963 Yalova earthquake (M s =6.4) . At around 3 o'clock in the morning of Saturday August 14, Kanieh Topal woke in her three-storey apartment block in the western suburbs of Izmit to hear a strange sound. 0000028901 00000 n WHAT WAS THE DISTANCE FROM THE DISASTER? 0000050312 00000 n 0000014810 00000 n The Izmit earthquake occurred at 0 hours, 1 min, 38 s (00h01mn38s; universal time) on 17 August 1999 and, in ~25 s, broke the North Anatolian fault, a major plate boundary, over a length of 150 km across northwestern Turkey (16–19). 0000045786 00000 n Both strike-slip earthquakes were caused by … 0000002970 00000 n Download : Download high-res image (244KB) The earthquake started with pink light that covered the whole area. 1446 events have been well located out of a total of 3165 recorded within the period from July 15 to November 2, 1999. The fire began at a state-owned tank farm and was initiated by naphtha that had sloshed out of a holding tank. In August 1999, an earthquake in the city of Izmit killed thousands and left hundreds of thousands homeless. The M w 7.4 Kocaeli (Izmit) earthquake occurred at 3:01 am local time 17 August 1999 on the east–west trending north strand of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), about 100 km SE of Istanbul, Turkey. [9], The earthquake was heavily felt in this industrialized and densely populated urban area of the country, including oil refineries, several automotive plants, and the Turkish navy headquarters and arsenal in Gölcük, increasing the severity of the loss of life and property. The fire was declared under control five days later after claiming at least seventeen tanks and untold amounts of complex piping. The building straddles the fault which displaced 2-3 meters. Then, the sea was split and a big explosion happened. V=�]��Quy:iPo~p�.�.��]~��B��XU��|�&��q��mE.g�x(�VՀ@��J�7w�H�o��9v�VY��t��b 1999-11-15 05:42:43 UTC 10.0 km. From Project 1999 Wiki. Turkey: Izmit earthquake 1999 A Collection by: PreventionWeb user UNDRR Editors Last updated: 10 Feb 2019. 0000007855 00000 n The epicenter was approximately 100 km to the east of the extremely destructive 1999 İzmit earthquake that happened a few months earlier. [16], The U.K announced an immediate grant of £50,000 to help the Turkish Red Crescent, while the International Red Cross and Red Crescent pledged £4.5 million to help victims. Thousands of people were killed, and large parts of a number of mid-sized towns and cities were destroyed. The Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit Earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian Fault Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2002 Gürsel Sunal The tsunami caused the deaths of 155 people.[13]. Scores of … 0000038192 00000 n Interview with survivors, an investigation into the building industry and a look at the early recovery efforts. Map of Izmit Buildings were razed to the ground and electricity and telephone lines cut in Izmit, northwest Turkey, by a strong earthquake that shook the region on 17 August 1999, and forced the frightened residents out onto the streets. İzmit earthquake of 1999, also called Kocaeli earthquake or Gölcük earthquake, devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. 0000018443 00000 n 0000003620 00000 n The event lasted for 37 seconds, severely damaging the city of İzmit. 0000003925 00000 n 0000018466 00000 n 0000001826 00000 n 9 item(s) in this collection 0000002308 00000 n The April 10 tremblor was one of the largest in western Turkey since August 1999 when an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.9 killed 17,118 people. The Command was temporarily housed in the Preveze War Games Center at the same base until July 2000, when the new headquarters building was completed. The 1999 earthquake also terminated with a 4 m offset at the western end at the Karamürsel basin. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). 0000001804 00000 n 0000011384 00000 n Note the faulting in the foreground. This Earthquake was caused by the moving of two plates, in this case the Arabian Plate (moving south) 1'�]X�r��Z��8�S�A��x�@�]�.R��^y�v�m��L�z�V��:U�xa�`��O&�7N�#m��c��(�*Awo1�� ;w��M~��0�p��I�%0��|O�@:��3k��0F��dnH�x� Izmit, Turkey. �3`�U��YY�+ Aircraft were called in to douse the flames with foam. Rescue teams were dispatched within 24–48 hours of the disaster, and the assistance to the survivors was channeled through NGOs and the Red Crescent and local search and rescue organizations. COULD THIS HAPPEN AGAIN? Source: USAID[15]. 1999: Turkey hit by huge earthquake The most powerful earthquake to hit Turkey has left at least 1,000 people dead. 0000046649 00000 n 0000021947 00000 n %PDF-1.4 %�� 7.0 New Britain region, Papua New Guinea. The headquarters of the Battle Fleet Command in Gölcük, established in 1964, and many other buildings were heavily destroyed by the İzmit earthquake on August 17, 1999. [11], The earthquake sparked a disastrous fire at the Tüpraş petroleum refinery. [5] Reports from September 1999 show that 120,000 poorly engineered houses were damaged beyond repair[citation needed] and approximately 20,000 buildings collapsed, resulting in more than 250,000 people becoming homeless after the earthquake. Marza (2004) questions the death-toll of the Izmit/Kocaeili earthquake of 1999 (also Mw = 7.6 suggesting that the true numbers may have exceeded twice the official count of 17,127. Damage ranged from spalling concrete to total deck collapse. [12], The earthquake caused a tsunami in the Sea of Marmara that was about 2.5 meters high. Izmit earthquake - Introduction . 0000002038 00000 n 0000025269 00000 n However, earlier earthquakes in 1719, 1754, 1878, and 1894 occurred in the Gulf of Izmit . Oil Spill Response Limited were activated by BP to deploy from the United Kingdom to the Tupras Refinery where their responders successfully contained the previously uncontrolled discharge of oil from the site into the sea. Where Did The Disaster Occur? About 17,118 people were killed. Learn more about 1999 Izmit Earthquake and it's massive destruction. 0000025292 00000 n The Izmit earthquake is known to be the most devastating earthquakes in the last decade. 0000002741 00000 n The analysis of the events before and after the August 17, 1999 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake has been completed. 67% of the aftershocks with magnitude greater than 4 have occurred within the first 6 days after the main-shock. The base was burned in the sea and all the people who were there died. During the 20th century, only the 1943 Hendek earthquake with a magnitude of 6.4 affected the rupture zone of the 1999 earthquake. The Izmit earthquake had a rupture length of 150 kilometers (93 mi) extending from the city of Düzce all the way into the Sea of Marmara along the Gulf of İzmit. The Mw 7. Blankets, medical supplies and food were flown from Stansted airport. ��a�8ݷ�I�2 ȫ[��6�r'��(�f��ۻ5_�A*��K� `BCs&�M�]�Cs��t�R��b�=�^4�. [citation needed] India also assisted by providing 32,000 tents and 2 million rupees to help in the reconstruction process. Tuesday, August 17, 1999 Published at 06:44 GMT 07:44 UK World: Europe Earthquake rocks Turkey Buildings have been flattened in several cities Turkish rescue workers are searching the rubble of collapsed buildings after a powerful earthquake hit the densely populated north-west of the country early on Tuesday morning. "All the dogs were howling," [7], From the timing of P-wave and S-wave arrivals at seismometers there is strong evidence that the rupture propagated eastwards from the epicentre at speeds in excess of the S-wave velocity, making this a supershear earthquake. Naval Hospital Naples, Italy, to Izmit to aid victims of the recent earthquake as part of Operation Avid Response. Aftermath of the 1999 Izmit earthquake and a look at poor building construction. Engineers from Thames Water went to help restore water supplies. The fire spread over the next few days, warranting the evacuation of the area within three miles of the refinery. 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